{"id":44753,"date":"2025-08-15T16:02:53","date_gmt":"2025-08-15T12:02:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mastsavlebeli.ge\/?p=44753"},"modified":"2025-10-09T16:17:52","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T12:17:52","slug":"%e1%83%96%e1%83%90%e1%83%a4%e1%83%ae%e1%83%a3%e1%83%9a%e1%83%98%e1%83%a1-%e1%83%a1%e1%83%90%e1%83%a1%e1%83%99%e1%83%9d%e1%83%9a%e1%83%9d-%e1%83%90%e1%83%a0%e1%83%93%e1%83%90%e1%83%93%e1%83%94%e1%83%92","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mastsavlebeli.ge\/?p=44753","title":{"rendered":"\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 &#8211; \u10e1\u10d0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10e9\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>\u201e\u10db\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10db, \u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10d3 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\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0 \u201e\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u201c (\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1. \u00ab\u041a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044b\u00bb, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8) \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10e8\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10ea: \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 (\u10da\u10d0\u10d7. <em>Canicula <\/em>&#8211; \u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10eb\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10d8) 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\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 \u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10db\u10d4-19 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e0\u10d4\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da, \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e0\u10d4\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd \u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n<h3><em>\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/h3>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10da\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0: \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1, \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc, \u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc, \u10d3\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d2\u10db\u10dd\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10dc \u2014 \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e9\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8?<\/p>\n<p>\u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10e8\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 <em>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10dd-\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dd \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9<\/em><em>\u10d0\u10db<\/em><em> &#8211; <\/em>\u10d0\u10db \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10db\u10d4\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3. \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1: \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10ee, \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e9\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d7 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 (\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e9\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 \u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc). \u10d0\u10db \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ec\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d2\u10da\u10d4\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0-\u10d6\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0 (!) \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u201e\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u201c \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u201e\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1: \u10d7\u10e3 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8?<\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10dd-\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dd \u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d4\u10ed\u10d5\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8 \u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d3\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d8\u10ec\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d4\u10d6\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 (\u10e9\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d7 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8). \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10d6\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10d5\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d7\u10e3 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0: \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d4-19 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10dd-\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dd \u10db\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10e1\u10d0 (\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d4\u10e1\u10d5\u10d0) \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7 (\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d4\u10e6\u10dd\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e7\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7). \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10db \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10ee\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e0\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4, \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10db\u10d4-19 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e3\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 (\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d4\u10d3\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10e1\u10d8\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e1, \u10da.\u10d0.) \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd. \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10da, \u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10e2\u10d8, \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e3\u10d1\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e4\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8, \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1 \u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10da \u10ea\u10d4\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0. \u10db\u10d4-19 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 \u10e4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee \u10d4\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d8, 1845 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10da \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e3\u10e0\u10d1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10da \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8, <em>\u201e\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8\u201c (Condition of the WorkingClass in England): <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201e\u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10e3\u10d1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d4.\u10ec. \u10ef\u10e3\u10e0\u10e6\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 (\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da. slums). \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d1\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10ec\u10e0\u10dd, \u10db\u10d8\u10e7\u10e0\u10e3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10e5\u10e3\u10e9\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0 \u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db<\/em><em>,<\/em><em> \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d8\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10ea\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d8\u10e6\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc<\/em> <em>\u10db\u10dd\u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d8\u10eb\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0. \u10d4\u10e1 \u10ef\u10e3\u10e0\u10e6\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dc\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0: \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10ea\u10e3\u10d3 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u2014 \u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10da \u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e5\u10d0\u10dd\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8-\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d4\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u201e\u10d9\u10dd\u10e2\u10d4\u10ef\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u201c \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0, \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10d7\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d0\u10db \u10e3\u10d1\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10d2\u10d4\u10d2\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, \u10dd\u10e6\u10e0\u10dd\u10e9\u10dd\u10e6\u10e0\u10dd, \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d0\u10e0 <\/em><em>\u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1<\/em><em> \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4\u10d0 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4 \u10db\u10e7\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10d1\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10db\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e3\u10d1\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10f0\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10ee\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0 \u10f0\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d7\u10e5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10db \u10e3\u10d1\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d4\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3: \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4<\/em> <em>\u10d2\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d7\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4\u10ea <\/em><em>\u10f0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3<\/em><em>\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><strong>[2]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><em>\u201c.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10da\u10d1\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10ea, \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10e6\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10da \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0. \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 <strong>\u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 <\/strong>\u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10eb\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db, \u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10d3. <strong>\u10db\u10d4-19 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8<\/strong>, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d1\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0, <strong>\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd<\/strong>. \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10e8\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 (\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d0\u10db \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0) \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d5, \u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10da \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10e2\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3, \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1, \u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d0\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u201e\u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u201c \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e9\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10da \u10e6\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u2014 \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8 \u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea <em>\u201e\u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u201c (urban<\/em> <em>heat island effect). <\/em>\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10dd\u10d0, \u10d0\u10db \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db \u201e\u10e3\u10e0\u10d1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10db\u10d0\u201c \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d4-19 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1, \u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0, \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da \u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10f0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 (\u10d0\u10e8\u10e8) \u201e\u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10d3\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1, \u10ef\u10dd\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4 \u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10f0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d4\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0: \u201e\u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 &#8211; \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10e9\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10db \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10e8\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d6\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8: 1) \u10db\u10d4-19 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 (\u10db\u10d0\u10d2. \u10d0\u10e8\u10e8, \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10d0) \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u2014 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10dd \u10f0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0, \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0; 2) \u10d4\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10e8\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u201e\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10f0\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u201c.<\/li>\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10dd-\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8: 1) \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4\u10e3\u10da \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1\/\u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10ee\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc (\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd). \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d8\u10dc \u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10e8\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d4\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc.<\/li>\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8: 1) \u10db\u10d4-19 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e9\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0, \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10e6\u10dd\u10d7 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0; 2) \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u2013 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8, \u10e3\u10e0\u10d1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d1\u10d0.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8, 20-\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1, \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8. \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8:<em> 1<\/em><em>) <\/em>1920\u201330-\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da<em>\u10d8<\/em>\u10ea \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<em>\u10d7 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 &#8211; <\/em>\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u2013 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8<em>.<\/em> \u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10de\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10d1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10dd \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10e3\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 &#8211; \u10e1\u10e1\u10e0\u10d9-\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e9\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc (\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8, \u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8, \u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10e2\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8, \u10e7\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8, \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0) \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 (\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd) \u2014 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5 \u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0. \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e3\u10d6\u10d0 (\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8), \u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (\u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8) \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8.<\/li>\n<li>\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u2014 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 3 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d4, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10da \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10d7\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e8\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d4\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d7. \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10ec\u10d0\u10db\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10d3, \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd: https:\/\/blog.tcea.org\/summer-break-history\/ )<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Friedrich Engels, \u201cDie Lage der arbeitender Klasse in England\u201d (<em>Condition of the Working Class in England<\/em>) (1845), Druck und Verlag der Otto Wigand, 1845.Leipzig; p.45, \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/marx\/works\/download\/pdf\/condition-working-class-england.pdf\">https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/marx\/works\/download\/pdf\/condition-working-class-england.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201e\u10db\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10db, \u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10e0\u10e9\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e4\u10dd\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10db\u10d4, \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u201c. 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